Oxy/acetylene abrasive cutting uses a fuel-gas flame combined with high-pressure oxygen to burn through ferrous metals, making it capable of cutting steel up to 24 inches thick.
How Oxy/Acetylene Abrasive Cutting Works
This process works by heating the steel to a cherry red color and then introducing a rapid flow of oxygen, which oxidizes and removes the metal. Because no electricity is required, oxy/acetylene abrasive systems are highly portable and cost effective, making them well suited for demolition work, heavy fabrication, and field repairs where power may be limited.
This method is intended for thick materials such as iron and steel and is not recommended for thinner sections or non-ferrous metals.
Equipment Setup and Operational Control
Effective operation depends on proper setup and control of the equipment. Specific torch tip sizes must be selected based on material thickness, and oxygen pressure must be carefully managed to avoid excessive gas waste or poor-quality cuts.
Adequate pressure is necessary to produce a wide, concave cut and maintain a steady oxygen stream, as this process relies on fast oxygen flow to burn through metal efficiently.
Operators must also adjust gas flow to achieve the correct flame characteristics, noting that oxy/acetylene abrasive cutting generally produces lower temperatures and slower cutting speeds compared to some alternative methods.
Safety Procedures and Maintenance Requirements
Safety and maintenance are essential when using oxy/acetylene abrasive equipment. Flashback arrestors should be installed on both the regulators and the torch to prevent fires and flame travel.
Proper shutdown procedures—closing the acetylene valve first, followed by the oxygen—help prevent carbon buildup inside the torch.
Operators should always wear appropriate PPE, including tinted goggles and gloves, and keep torch tips clean to ensure consistent performance. Typical equipment includes oxygen and acetylene cylinders, pressure regulators, hoses, and welding torches, along with additional items such as multiple torch tips, filler rods, goggles, gloves, and flashback arrestors to support safe and efficient operation.
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